Wednesday, December 14, 2016
Sunday, December 11, 2016
Mygov.in : Morinda citrifolia
Mygov.in : Morinda citrifolia: Morinda citrifolia is a tree in the coffee family, Rubiaceae . Its native range extends through Southeast Asia and Australasia , an...
Morinda citrifolia
Morinda citrifolia is a tree in the coffee family, Rubiaceae. Its native range extends through Southeast Asia and Australasia, and the species is now cultivated throughout the tropics and widely naturalized.
English common names include great morinda, Indian mulberry, noni, beach mulberry, and cheese fruit.
Growing habitats
M. Citrifolia, also called "Noni" grows in shady forests, as well as on open rocky or sandy shores. It reaches maturity in about 18 months, then yields between 4 and 8 kg (8.8 and 17.6 lb) of fruit every month throughout the year. It is tolerant of salinesoils, drought conditions, and secondary soils. It is therefore found in a wide variety of habitats: volcanic terrains, lava-strewn coasts, and clearings or limestone outcrops, as well as in coralline atolls. It can grow up to 9 m (30 ft) tall, and has large, simple, dark green, shiny and deeply veined leaves.
The plant bears flowers and fruits all year round. The fruit is a multiple fruit that has a pungent odour when ripening, and is hence also known as cheese fruit or even vomit fruit. It is oval in shape and reaches 10–18 centimetres (3.9–7.1 in) size. At first green, the fruit turns yellow then almost white as it ripens. It contains manyseeds.
M. citrifolia is especially attractive to weaver ants, which make nests from the leaves of the tree.[3] These ants protect the plant from some plant-parasitic insects. The smell of the fruit also attracts fruit bats, which aid in dispersing the seeds. A type of fruit fly, Drosophila sechellia, feeds exclusively on these fruits.
Food
Noni is sometimes called starvation fruit.Despite its strong smell and bitter taste, the fruit is nevertheless eaten as a famine food and, in some Pacific islands, even a staple food, either raw or cooked. Southeast Asians and Australian Aboriginesconsume the fruit raw with salt or cook it with curry. The seeds are edible when roasted.
In Thai cuisine, the leaves (known as bai-yo) are used as a green vegetable and the fruit (luk-yo) is added as a salad ingredient to some versions of somtam.
Nutrients and phytochemicals
M. citrifolia fruit powder contains carbohydrates and dietary fibre in moderate amounts. These macronutrients evidently reside in the fruit pulp, as M. citrifoliajuice has sparse nutrient content. The main micronutrients of M. citrifolia pulp powder include vitamin C, niacin (vitamin B3), iron and potassium.Vitamin A,calcium and sodium are present in moderate amounts. When M. citrifolia juice alone is analyzed and compared to pulp powder, only vitamin C is retained in an amount (34 mg per 100 gram juice) that is 64% of the content of a raw navel orange (53 mg per 100 g or 89% of the Daily Value).Sodium levels in M. citrifolia juice (about 3% of Dietary Reference Intake, DRI) are high compared to an orange, and potassium content is moderate.
M. citrifolia fruit contains a number of phytochemicals, including lignans, oligo- andpolysaccharides, flavonoids, iridoids, fatty acids, scopoletin, catechin, beta-sitosterol, damnacanthal, and alkaloids.Although these substances have been studied for bioactivity, current research is insufficient to conclude anything about their effects on human health.[1] These phytochemicals are not unique to M. citrifolia, as they exist in various plants.[12]
Traditional medicine
Green fruit, leaves, and root/rhizomes might have been used in Polynesian cultures as a general tonic, in addition to its traditional place in Polynesian culture as a famine food.
In traditional Chinese medicine, the roots, known as ba ji tian, have been used for abdominal pain, impotence, andmenstrual disorders. Although Morinda is considered to have biological properties in traditional medicine, there is no confirmed evidence of clinical efficacy for any intended use.
Consumer uses
Morinda bark produces a brownish-purplish dye that may be used for making batik. In Hawaii, yellowish dye is extracted from its roots to dye cloth.A variety of beverages (juice drinks), powders (from dried ripe or unripe fruits), cosmetic products (lotions, soaps), oil (from seeds), leaf powders (for encapsulation or pills) have been introduced into the consumer market.
Gallery
Thursday, December 8, 2016
Mygov.in : JAYLALITHAA (1948 - 2016)
Mygov.in : JAYLALITHAA (1948 - 2016): 1. Jayalalithaa's mother worked as an actress in local drama companies and Tamil cinema. She followed in her mother's footsteps...
JAYLALITHAA (1948 - 2016)
1.
Jayalalithaa's mother worked as an actress in local drama companies and Tamil cinema. She followed in her mother's footsteps, first as a child actor. At the age of 15, she played a leading role in the Kannada film Chinnada Gombe, which became a runaway success.
2.
Jayalalithaa was professionally trained in classical music, western classical piano, and various forms of classical dance, including Bharatanatyam, Mohiniattam, Manipuri and Kathak.
3.
Jayalalithaa was be referred to as Puratchi Thalaivi (Revolutionary Leader) but she was called 'Ammu' by close family members and co-stars.
4.
The first time she starred alongside M G Ramachandran, one of Tamil Nadu's greatest movie stars and a former chief minister of the state, was in the Tamil film 'Aayirathil Oruvan.'
6.
The peak of Jayalalithaa's film career occurred between 1965 and 1980. During this period, she was one of India's highest-paid actresses, and acted in over 140 films, 120 of which were blockbusters.
7.
It is said that her male co-stars did not object when the film's story revolved around and was driven by the female character played by Jayalalithaa.
8.
During the year 1960s and 1970s, she starred opposite M G Ramachandran in a number of successful films. This forged a bond between the two, which led MGR to introduce her to politics when he was chief minister of Tamil Nadu. Jayalalithaa joined MGR's All-India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam in 1982, and was appointed the party's propaganda secretary the following year.
9.
She represented the AIADMK in the Rajya Sabha between 1984 and 1989. She was elected after MGR wanted her in New Delhi for her fluency in English and knowledge of several languages.
10.
When MGR died in 1987, he left no clear political heir. AIADMK descended into chaos over his legacy. Jayalalithaa competed with his widow Janaki for control of the party, which eventually split into two major factions, one behind each woman.
11.
In 1989, Jayalalithaa was elected to the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly. She became the first woman to be appointed Leader of the Opposition. In the same year, the two factions of AIADMK merged and unanimously accepted Jayalalithaa as their leader.
12.
During her term as Leader of the Opposition, DMK MLAs molested Jayalalithaa and nearly disrobed her while the house was in session. Media coverage of her emerging from the assembly in a torn saree, and her own comparison of the ordeal to Draupadi's cheerharan, won immense sympathy from the public.
13.
In 1991, Jayalalithaa became the first female(and the youngest) chief minister of Tamil Nadu to serve a full term.
14.
The obscenely lavish wedding of Jayalalithaa's 'foster son' Sudhagaran holds the record for being the largest wedding banquet (incurring taxpayers a massive Rs 10 crore bill), attended by over 1,50,000 guests.
15.
Unfortunately, the feat which won her a place in the Guinness Book of World Records proved to be her downfall in the 1996 elections.
16.
Jayalalithaa returned to power in 2001, but her second term as chief minister was cut short when the Supreme Court ruled that she could not hold office while criminal cases were pending against her. She had been convicted on corruption charges in the Pleasant Stay Hotel case, though she was later acquitted and was reinstated as CM in 2003.
17.
Jayalalithaa was sworn in as chief minister for the third time in 2011. But in 2014, she was sentenced to four years in jail in a disproportionate assets case. As a result, she became the first Indian chief minister to be disqualified from her post and the legislative assembly.
Tuesday, December 6, 2016
Wednesday, November 16, 2016
PM Narendra Modi faces risk of economic stress as India scrambles for cash
PM Narendra Modi faces risk of economic stress as India scrambles for cash
Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s ban on high-value currency was initially hailed as a game-changer to check corruption and tax evasion. But as anger on the streets increases over a prolonged scramble for cash, he’s facing the risk of economic slowdown and political backlash.
Modi’s startling and sudden move to withdraw 500 and 1,000 rupee notes a week ago has left India with about one-seventh of its currency in circulation. Small businesses, real estate, gold and the informal sectors ..Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s ban on high-value currency was initially hailed as a game-changer to check corruption and tax evasion. But as anger on the streets increases over a prolonged scramble for cash, he’s facing the risk of economic slowdown and political backlash.
Modi’s startling and sudden move to withdraw 500 and 1,000 rupee notes a week ago has left India with about one-seventh of its currency in circulation. Small businesses, real estate, gold and the informal sectors ..- Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s ban on high-value currency was initially hailed as a game-changer to check corruption and tax evasion. But as anger on the streets increases over a prolonged scramble for cash, he’s facing the risk of economic slowdown and political backlash.
Modi’s startling and sudden move to withdraw 500 and 1,000 rupee notes a week ago has left India with about one-seventh of its currency in circulation. Small businesses, real estate, gold and the informal sectors ..
mygov.in : Arvind Kejriwal is India’s biggest scam master
mygov.in : Arvind Kejriwal is India’s biggest scam master: Arvind Kejriwal is India’s biggest scam master This article is going to be based on facts and facts alone. I...
mygov.in : Arvind Kejriwal is India’s biggest scam master
mygov.in : Arvind Kejriwal is India’s biggest scam master: Arvind Kejriwal is India’s biggest scam master This article is going to be based on facts and facts alone. I...
Arvind Kejriwal is India’s biggest scam master
Arvind Kejriwal is India’s biggest scam master
The flowchart below gives out the link of foreign funding and subversion of Kejriwal and associates. Each of the links given in the flowchart are backed by documents.
A US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) secret document (declassified) given below, duly signed by the then Director Allen W. Dulles clearly shows the link between CIA and Rockefeller Foundation, Ford Foundation and Magsaysay Award. It may be mentioned that Dulles was the longest serving Director of CIA from 1953 to 1961. Even in the citation of Kejriwal for Magsaysay Award, the first reference was made to CIA.
The link between CIA and Ford Foundation and Magsaysay Award is yet again reinforced by a secret (declassified) document. The document clearly shows that how so called intellectuals, professors and students of target countries are financially enticed by the Ford Foundation on behalf of CIA to avail education facilities in the US clearly with the purpose of subversion.
The grants given by Ford Foundation in 2002 to various Indian entities are given below in the accessed document. Arvind Kejriwal’s NGO ‘Sampoorna Parivartan’ and CSDS (Center for the Study of Developing Societies) have been granted $80,000 and the $250,000 respectively. Key associates of Arvind Kejriwal like Yogendra Yadav have been functionaries of the CSDS. What makes this funding to Kejriwal a criminal activity is the fact that he in 2002 was still a government servant and therefore not entitled to receive it. Government servants are not permitted to float NGOs without due permission.
Kejriwal, while on study leave and availing full government salary started Parivartan along with Manish Sisodia in 2000-2001. On its website, Parivartan on 10-March-2009 declared that it is not an NGO or a registered organization, and for Income Tax purposes it was an Association of Persons. However, in 2002 the website declared the organization was registered under Societies Registration Act, 1860 and was exempt from Income Tax in Section 80G of 12A of IT Act. This is a clear fraud on India and Indians
Further, under the banner of Parivartan, Kejriwal received funds from World Bank for a Jan Sunvai campaign even as the organization was not registered. It is again a criminal act. This funding nearly coincides with the period of Kejriwal resigning from service (not accepted) in 2006, and Ford Foundation funding and grant of Magsaysay Award. In fact, Kejriwal got the Magsaysay Award shortly after he featured in the World Bank report of 2006
Kejriwal branched off from Parivartan to establish yet another NGO, Kabir. As per the documents, Kabir was established on 15 August 2005. This was again illegal, as Kejriwal continued to be in government service. The subversive agenda of the Ford Foundation is quite clear in the contradictions in dates between financial documents declared by Kabir and Ford Foundation. While Kabir claims that the NGO began its operations on 15 August 2005 in which the contribution from Ford Foundation was Rs.43,48,036/-, whereas the annual report of Ford Foundation claims to have made a contribution to Kabir to the tune of $172,000 on 15 July 2005. It is not only intriguing that the Ford Foundation funding to Kabir began from the very first year of its operation, but the money was given one month before its birth. The fraud is evident from the two sets of documents of Kabir and Ford Foundation, given below:
As per Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA) submission made by the Kabir in its annual return indicates that between 2005 and 2011, only Rs.75,54,006 were received from Ford Foundation in two tranches; i.e. 2005-06: Rs. 43,48,036 on 15-July-2005, 2006-07: Rs. 32,05,970 on 12-Dec-2006. It also shows a sum of $1,97,000 was not accepted as Kabir had become a political movement by then. It may be reminded that it was at this time that lot of questions were being raised about illegal foreign funding to Kejriwal’s political activities. Kabir tried to mislead by removing or omitting all details from website regarding its funding from Ford Foundation in the year 2007-2008, 2009-2010.
However, the fraud can be nailed by visiting the Ford Foundation websitehttp://www.fordfoundation.org/grants/grantdetails?grantid=107117 (again suppressed), which clearly indicates that in the year 2007-2008, Kabir received $1,97,000 and the very next year Rs.60,75,149 (Kabir website, details suppressed again).
The hide and seek being played on the net by Kabir and Ford Foundation is testimony to the fraud. In fact, Parivartan and Kabir, suddenly shutdown their websites after coming under scrutiny in 2012.
Kejriwal and dubious American funding
Kejriwal received the Ashoka fellowship in 2004. He conveyed an impression that the outreach to him was by an Indian organization. In reality Ashoka is an US registered organization, whose strategic partners include McKinsey & Company, Corporate Executive Board and Latham and Watkins Since the Cold War, this organization has been engaged in creating human assets for expanding American influence.
It emerges that after liberal funding from various Western sources, Kejriwal decided to send his resignation from government service in 2006. This story began in 2002, when his ‘Sampooran Parivartan’ was given $80,000
$80,000 in 2002 was equivalent to Kejriwal’s 15 years’ salary. Moreover, the biggest fraud is that the donors, i.e. organizations that funded Kejriwal’s so-called NGOs were the decision makers in the award of his Magsaysay Award. This includes the CIA. Further, the representative of Ford Foundation on India Steven Solnick admitted on 31st August 2012 that the Magsaysay Award for Kejriwal was funded by them.
Subsequently, foreign money began to flow into Kejriwal’s NGO. As per the response to an RTI filed by a website Beyond Headlines, the other foreign contributors to Kejriwal’s NGO ‘Kabir’ were Ford Foundation (Rs 86,61,742), PRIA (Rs 2,37,035), Manjunath Shanmugam Trust (Rs 3,70,000), Dutch Embassy (Rs 19,61,968), Association for India’s Development (Rs 15,00,000), India’s Friends Association (Rs 7,86,500), United Nations Development Programme (Rs12,52,742) while Rs 11,35,857 were collected from individual donations between 2007 to 2010.
The link 6 in the Chart at the start indicates recipients of the funds by the Dutch entity Humanistic Institute for Cooperation with Developing Countries (HIVOS). It provided € 1.3 million between 2008 and 2012. Of these more than half, i.e. DISHA, GKVP, SAFAR, MAHITI, SWATI, and UTHAN are active in Gujarat. The others like CJP run by Teesta Setalvad and ANHAD run by Shabnam Hashmi are known for their virulent anti-Modi campaign.
HIVOS in turn is the highest recipient of funds from Ford Foundation. It has an office in India receiving $1.2 million HIVOS also funded Kejriwal’s Parivartan
There are various other organizations funded by the Dutch government i.e. PSO Association and PRIA. These organizations ostensibly are engaged in ‘development and social work’, however their main purpose is to promote American agenda. The US adopts the Dutch route in various target countries so that suspicions are not aroused. HIVOS receives €27 million from the Dutch government and funds the PRIA, which is also a Ford Foundation partner. Another PSO partner Soliaridad also funds PRIA. PRIA funded Kejriwal as well. Many countries have compelled the PSO to windup its activities as they have been found to be intrusive.
Another Dutch funded organization is PANOS, which has seven offices in South Asia. This too is recipient of funds from Ford Foundation and its main purpose is to manipulate the media ‘in South Asia’. So is it surprising that a segment of Indian electronic media has gone to vulgar extent in amplifying Kejriwal? The funding of the Dutch entities as mentioned by the Ford Foundation is evidenced by the document placed below:
Collusion between CIA and Kejriwal
All the documents above suggest the alleged systematic subversion and creation of Kejriwal by the CIA through the Ford Foundation and the Dutch entities. A CIA document clearly establishes as to how CIA loans officers to Ford Foundation.
It has also been established that CIA operatives operate through the academic route. One such academic researcher Ms Shimrit Lee was associated with Kejriwal’s Kabir NGO in the garb of doing research on ‘Public Power: India and Other Democracies’. Ms Lee specializes in Tahrir Square type demonstrations that we are now witnessing in Ukraine. She has been active in Cairo, Haifa, Chad and Israel, India and US. It is she who introduced the ideas of Mohalla Committees and brought the Arab Spring technology to India to launch Kejriwal. Ms Lee’s photograph is given below:
That the US has been using the Dutch for pushing its agenda in India, which includes destabilization of India’s Northeast is known. It is evident by the bonhomie between Netherlands and various Naga outfits, particularly the NSCN (IM). It was the NSCN (IM) which took umbrage when on 17-July-2002 in a written reply to a question in parliament, the late Digvijay Singh then Minister of External Affairs said that Netherlands was one of the countries where terrorists have safe heavens besides Pakistan. It may also be reiterated that the NSCN (IM) always insists on holding talks with the Indian government in Amsterdam. It is also well known as to how the CIA and the Dutch Intelligence Agency (BVD – Binenlandise Veiligheidsdienst) connived in allowing AQ Khan to steal nuclear secrets from URENCO, site at Almeto in Netherlands, only with the purpose of balancing Pakistan with India in nuclear capability during the Cold War. It is through this kind of geopolitical balancing in various regions that the US maintains its lead role.
Just as in the case of lead role by geopolitical balancing the Western countries maintain their supremacy in global economy through the ‘offshore financial centers’. These centers thrive on black money of the developing world. Was it for this reason that Kejriwal was created to kill Ramdev’s movement for recovery of black money stashed abroad? During the entire Anna agitation, not even once, the issue of black money in foreign soil was raised.
In pursuit of the CIA agenda there are Indians who have been partnering Kejriwal. Is it a coincidence that a former Admiral also a recipient of Magsaysay Award accompanied Kejriwal when he filed his nomination from New Delhi constituency? This Admiral, whose daughter married to a Pakistani, has been in the forefront against India’s ‘nuclear development’. Is it a mere coincidence that the closest aides of Kejriwal are recipients of funding from Ford Foundation. Is it also a mere coincidence that Kejriwal never served out of Delhi during his government service, and helping him in this bid was none other than Mrs. Sonia Gandhi, who wrote a letter to ensure the same? Is it also a mere coincidence that Arvind Kejriwal is a protégé of Aruna Roy, another recipient of Magsaysay Award, and a member of Sonia’s National Advisory Council?
Arvind Kejriwal is therefore not a political threat but a security threat to this country, his main objective being to destabilize India to perpetuate US agenda.
Arvind Kejriwal is India’s biggest scam master
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